Rekonstruksi Ontologi Ruang Sakral yang Inklusif: Teologi Disabilitas, Kritik atas Ableisme, dan Implikasinya bagi Liturgi Injili-Pentakostal

Stefanus De Fatima Nahac; Yohanes Parapat

doi:10.30648/dun.v11i1.2427

Rekonstruksi Ontologi Ruang Sakral yang Inklusif: Teologi Disabilitas, Kritik atas Ableisme, dan Implikasinya bagi Liturgi Injili-Pentakostal

Stefanus De Fatima Nahac, Yohanes Parapat

Abstract

Abstract. This paper argues that the exclusion of people with disabilities from participation in churches may be sustained not only by inadequate physical accessibility, but also by an ableist ontology of sacred space. Drawing on three interdisciplinary theories, including constructivist theology, and integrating disability theology and Edward Soja’s spatial trialectics, this study will reconstruct churches’ sacred space by developing a relational-participatory ontology centered on five core constructs. The most far-reaching practical implications are in liturgy and sacrament, while church architecture, leadership, record-keeping, and education remain supportive institutional conditions. This study contributes a conceptual model and evaluative framework for liturgy that is responsive to people with disabilities—positioning them as constitutive members of the body of Christ.

Abstrak. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa eksklusi penyandang disabilitas dari partisipasi dalam gereja dapat berlangsung bukan hanya karena rendahnya aksesibilitas, tetapi juga karena ontologi ruang sakral yang bersifat ableist. Dengan menggunakan teologi konstruktif, kajian disabilitas kritis, dan teori ruang, studi ini mendefinisikan ontologi tersebut sebagai seperangkat asumsi tentang apa yang menjadikan ruang gerejawi sakral, tubuh siapa yang diakui sebagai partisipan sah, serta bagaimana otoritas liturgis didistribusikan. Melalui dialog dengan teologi disabilitas dan trialektika spasial Edward Soja, penelitian ini merekonstruksi ruang sakral melalui ontologi relasional-partisipatif yang bertumpu pada kehadiran ilahi, kerentanan, resiprokalitas, partisipasi, dan keterlibatan. Implikasi praktis yang paling luas jangkauannya dalam liturgi dan sakramen, sementara arsitektur, kepemimpinan, pencatatan, dan pendidikan gereja tetap menjadi kondisi institusional yang mendukung. Studi ini menyumbangkan model konseptual dan kerangka evaluatif liturgi yang responsif terhadap penyandang disabilitas—dengan memposisikan mereka sebagai anggota konstitutif dari tubuh Kristus.

Keywords

ecclesiology; eklesiologi; inclusive; inklusif; participative; partisipatif; relasional; relational; the body of Christ; tubuh Kristus

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30648/dun.v11i1.2427